KajyibwamiNotes

At first glance, a confrontation such as a potential war between the United States and Iran appears geographically distant from Africa. The battlefield would likely be in the Middle East, involving missiles, drones, and advanced surveillance technologies. Yet when we look at the materials that make these technologies possible, Africa—particularly the Democratic Republic of the Congo —plays a central but often overlooked role. Modern warfare is increasingly dependent on advanced electronics. Missile guidance systems, satellite communications, drones, and high-performance computing systems all require specific minerals that can withstand heat, pressure, and electrical stress. Many of these minerals are mined in Africa. The Democratic Republic of the Congo holds some of the world’s largest reserves of cobalt and coltan, as well as significant deposits of copper, gold, and other strategic resources. One of the most important minerals in this context is coltan , an ore used to produce ...

  The law defines offences and their consequences. Yet many crimes committed by young people do not always come from deliberate criminal intent. They often arise from social pressure, a desire to be accepted, and limited awareness of the legal consequences of certain actions. In many cases, young people engage in risky behaviour to appear tough or “cool,” especially in groups where peer pressure encourages them to act without thinking about the long-term effects. According to the National Public Prosecution Authority (NPPA), 78 percent of crimes prosecuted between June 2023 and June 2024 involved suspects under the age of 40. [1] While this statistic does not mean that all young people are involved in crime, it highlights how youth are frequently present in criminal cases. One factor that increasingly shapes youth behaviour today is the influence of social media. Like many young people around the world, Rwandan youth are deeply connected to platforms such as TikTok, Snapchat...